Trying to work or charge your phone on a Swiss train or tram can be frustrating, at least in the past.
In older trains and trams there were very few outlets, and they were often in highly inconvenient places.
But newer trains and trams also have a lot more charging options with power outlets and USB ports.
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Swiss Trains
There are a lot of different power outlets on Swiss trains, ranging from between or under the seats, to between the windows or near the exit. Below are some examples of what I have found:
InterRegio Trains

Newer InterRegio SBB trains often have charging ports between the seats, even in second class. There is often a round European outlet and a Swiss outlet on both sides of the four-seaters.
There are also Swiss power outlets above the seats (between the windows) in older InterRegio trains.
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S-Bahn Trains

I recently saw newer S-Bahn trains around Zurich with charging outlets under the seats. This is both in the four-seaters and in the seats along the wall on the upper-floor of the double-decker trains. They only provide Swiss outlets here.
Still Struggling?
If you are still unable to find a power outlet on a Swiss train, check the seat next to the door exiting seating area. There is usually a plug covered by a protective cover, which is presumably used by the cleaning crew. This means you will need to get access to that seat or the one opposite to use it.

Zurich Trams
For now, I can only talk about my experience with Zurich trams. The newer, low-rider trams have USB charging outlets on the vertical grab rails, spaced around along the tram